Planoorapm co



Patented July 22, 1919.

Z SHEETS-SHEET I.

N. ALCHEV'SKY. LAND DIQGING 0R EARTH EXCAVAT-ING MEANS 0R DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY20,1918.

THE COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH c6 WASHINGTON, D. c.

N. ALCHEVSKY. LAND mama 0R EARTH EXCAVATING MEANS 0R DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZO. 1918.

Patented July 22, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 (a LFCL 13 THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0,, WASHIN TON. D. C.

which are arranged to discharge-the earth 35 r rear thereof, according to the particular .i when the machine isused for cultivating or 45 the commencement ofithe tunnel. a

"' channels for irrigation purposes? 1 U IE SW S A OFFICE NAoUM atcijinvs'xv, or Aaron HiLL, Lonnon, ENGLAND."

LAND-DIGGING OR EARTH-EXCAVATING MEANS R DEVICE;

" To all whom it '1 Be it knownthat- I, .NAOUM. Amman,

a Russian-subject, residing at 20 Twyford avenue, Acton Hill, London, in thecounty of. Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating .to Land-Digging .or Earth-Exca: vating Means or Devices, of which the i following is a. specification. .i i

.. This invention relates to land digging or earth-excavating means or machines, and is intended for use inLmakingL-canalS, channels, trenches, roads, tunnels and the. like and also for-cultivating, thechief object being tional side view, a'nda plan of oneem bodi to enable the diggingxor-excavating OPQIIL': 1 tionstobe accomplished expeditiously with a minimum of manualllabor. The invention has particular. reference to such machinesof the kind mwhich the earth or materialremoved' by arotary digging device is: directed into or onto a conveyer which carries it to a suitable position where it is discharged. 1 s According to this invention the digging or excavating device is in the form of arotary circularplate having teeth or cutters thereon adjacent to; openings in the plate through which openings the excavated earth or material passes into a collector containing rotary blades, vanes,palettes or thelike through-an opening in the rear ofthe collector preferably on to: a conveyer or conveyers so that the earth may be deposited at'the side or sides of the machine or at the use of the machine. For instance when the machlne'is employed formaking channels,

trenches or the like, the excavated earth may be dischargedat'the side or sides and for making tunnelsthe'earthmay be discharged" at the rear of themachine and in thecase; of making tunnels it may be deposited into trucks which carry the earth to Figl'ire's 1 and "2 are" respectively a secment'of the inventionas applied for making channels, canals lor .ltrerichs', particularly Specific ation of Letters Patent. Patented 22, 1919 Application filed MEYZO, 1918 Serial N0. 23 5,713-

1 Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken ap- 1 i proximately on the line 3'-3 of Fig 1 showing the conveyers in dot and pick lines.

with. suitable land, grippingmeanspn its periphery and on: rear :wheels Bxhaving end less bands on tracks C- around them as shown inLFig. 1. The rearwheel -B maybe clriveneby amotor forexample a petrol motor D on the machine andtheifront wheel A may be movableifor steering At the forward, part of the machine and mounted on a shaft E? driven by themotor shaft D through gear wheels D D? is the circular digging plate E, having on its frontface several'radial rows of teeth E 'extendin from the center ofthe plate to (or near-t5 the periphery thereof theteeth may be'so arranged that those in one radial row are staggeredor alternately disposed with respectwto the teeth in the next radial row andiso on around-the plate. Each-tooth E which is located adjacent to an opening E in theplate may beformed with a sharp point and an angular. edge so as to be approximately V-shapedin section, thus form ing a scoop or a'shovel for collectingand directing the excavated earth through the adjacent opening E into a drum or collector F at the rear of theplate E as the latter rotates. The teeth E and openings E may, if desired, increase in size from the-center of the plate to the periphery thereof and in some cases the teeth may be punched up from or formed integrally with the plate or they may be constructed separately and attached in any suitable manner to the plate. The size and shape of the teeth andalsothe size "of the openings, however, are selected according to thenature of the earth-soil to be removed and the plate may be detachable to enable other plates having different teeth and openings {to be used. The forward speed of the machine and the rotary speed of "the "plate may be regiilatedor controlled according to the nature of the soil being removed. When makingichannels, trenches or'the like only the. lower half or portion of th fd'igging plate engages withthe soil N ing its rotatlonas shown in Fig. 1

The drum or collector F at the rear of the plate E is of cylindrical' form and of about the same diameter as the plate and is open at the end adjacent to the plate to receive the excavated earth passed through the said openings E in the plate, but is closed at the rear bhd' or part except for an opening F see Figs. & and 5. The drum F is. stationary and may be supported on the machine inany appropriate manner. Within the drum F and adapted to rotate therein in either direction is a'series of blades, vanes or palettes Gfixed to arotary sleeve Gr" driven by the motor shaft D through gearw-heels, G

Gia 'countershaft G and gear wheels G G".

I The blades or palettes G are of such width and length as to closely fit between the drum I F and the digging plate E, and are inclined insuch a manner that the earth which collects on the blades during their rotary move-' ment slides by the .a'ction ofgravity through the said opening F i in the .rear end of the drum as theblades pass the opening, see Fig. '5. In vthis;1nannerthe earth although it is collected in the drum is notallowed to accumulatetherein as-it is continually being removed; therefrom by the rotating blades.

Adjacent to thesai'd opening F in the M drum F is the upper end of an inclined tube or chute. H which can be readily moved rearwardly away from the drum or other.- wlse if and whenfdesried, forexample 1n thecase of a tunneling machine The tube or chute H receives the excavated earth depositedtherein through the opening 1n the drum by the said rotary blades'or palettes and "directs the earth on to amoving con-x veyer J arranged approximately parallel to the longitudinalaxis of the machine.

.3 The moving conveyer J which is supported upon the: machine may be in theform of a traveling or endless band passing around a number of rotary rollers or clined upwardly in a rearward direction and the transverse conveyer. K which as shown in Fig. 2 maybe driven by'belt .gearing from the motor is also inclinedor directed upwardfrom the point where it receives the -earthfrom the longitudinal conveyer J. If desired a =second'set of con;

; yeyers "J", K" may be disposed on the opposite'side ofthe machine as shown by theg'dotand-dash lines in; Figs. 2 and 3 andin this case a second opening is provided in the rear of the drum F and an additional chute H. As the machine travelsforward, the earth removed by the digging plate-E is conveyed by means of the chutes H and H and the aforesaid conveyers J, J K, K to the sides "of the machine thereby forming anembank ment or, dike on each side of the channel or trench made by the digging plate, see Fig. 3; only one embankment maybe made during the operation of themachineiand this may be efiected by. means-v f a suitably arranged conveyer. between the two "side conveyers eausing-the-earth discharge from the two longitudinal conveyors to be conveyed to one .side ortheothertof. the

machine. If desired, .howeveryneither one of the openings in-rthe. drum may be closed so that the earth; is. dir.ected toone side of the machine or the other. Thus machines mayv be -adaptedstoformtwo embankments simultaneously or. only ronesat either side. In: a .modificationronly one con unction with; twotransverse conveyers, by: makingit movable to discharge theearth to .one or other of the transverseconveyers; The tops of thedikes or embankmentsrmaiy longitudinal ,conveyer .may be usedpand in 1 be, formed into roadsby leveling; and con-1 cre'ting or asphalting. MW-hen a large-canal is to be made, the machinelaftermaking one excavation makes another excavation ad-- jacent and parallel tothe previously formed excavation. After the requirednumberof excavations has been made and .a shallow canal isfonmeditmay be deepened by again digging by causing the machineAto rnake-a series .of parallel; excavations; nusually a channel of this kind would be left with flip proximately inclined side wallsand non them and also on; the bottom-ofmthe channelsa series of ridges would be. left owing. to the curved cutting or excavation. producedpby the circular 'diggmg platef.., These ridges may if necessary be removed:dwringtheopi eration of the machine by shares or. blades attached to the. machine 1 or by workmen after the excavation has been finished.-,

If the machine, is tobew lsed for cultivat;

ing a eonveyer. (or conveye rs) 1- deposit the earth removed bythe digging plate-to the rear of the maohine'in a .=thorough1ly pul verized or broken, up condition. -Shares-or blades may be attached to the rear of-Tthe machine for breaking. the earth; whichifs left between each strip ofland; brokenjiip by the rotary digging plate. Themaehine having aeonveyer adapted to gtransfer the earth to V the rear of the used for making tunnels. v, v What I claim and desigre to secure {by Letters Patent of the United States is:--

machineg mayjgbe A land ss g we h. xc vat ng ;-ma-.

chine comprising'in combination, azrotary dlgglng p a e. py ri ed; With-a p ality of teeth on one face thereof adjacent to openings in the plate, an earth collecting drum at the rear of the plate, rotary blades in said collecting drum adapted to 5 discharge the excavated earth in the collector through openings in the rear wall of the latter, the digging plate and rotary blades being centrally but independently mounted on concentric rotatable members, and a conveyer disposed at one side of the said concentric members.

N. ALGHEVSKY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five, cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

